ToolsSprint 1✅ successCompiled Learning ObjectivesBinary and hexadecimal numbersConvert signed and unsigned numbers between any two of: binary, decimal, hexadecimalIdentify whether a binary number is a power of twoExplain the similarities and differences between binary, decimal, and hexadecimal numbersExplain why we use binary numbersExplain why we use hexadecimal numbersDescribe how different programs can interpret the same bytes as different dataIdentify how many bits are needed to store integers up to some limitIdentify the maximum integer that can be stored in a number of bitsAdd together two binary numbers without converting to decimalIdentify which of two binary numbers is larger without converting to decimalCPU and memoryExplain the purpose of main memory.Explain the purpose of a CPU.Explain what input/output is and why it’s useful.Describe the concept of a memory address.Describe how a string is laid out in memory.List (non-exhaustive) examples of instructions that CPUs often support.Define the term ‘clock speed’ with respect to a CPU.Explain the benefits of CPUs have multiple cores.Describe what CPU cache is, and why one is useful.Explain why computers have secondary storage.Shell toolsIdentify which of {cat, ls, wc, grep, sed, awk} will be useful to solve a given problem.catShow the contents of a file with catman pagesOpen a man page for a toolClose a man page for a toolInterpret sample command lines in man pagesLearn from a man page about the flags a tool supportsMore catShow the contents of a file, including line numbers, with cat.Concatenate multiple files outputting to the terminal.lsList the files (and directories) in a directory with ls.wcCount the bytes, words, and lines of a file with wc.Count just the words of a file with wc.grepIdentify the lines in a file which contain a string using grepIdentify which files contain a string using grepsedRemove numbers from the start of lines in a file using sed.Replace occurrences of one string in a file with another using sed.Print the lines of a file which don’t contain some string using sed.awkFilter a space-separated file and extract a positional field using awk.Sum the numbers in a column of a space-separated file using awk.Explain what NF and $NF mean in awk.